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1 ὕδωρ
A ; [dialect] Boeot. [full] οὕδωρ prob. in IG7.3169 (Orchom.):—water, of any kind, but in Hom. rarely of seawater without an epith.,ἄνεμός τε καὶ ὕ. Od.3.300
, 7.277; butἁλμυρὸν ὕ. 9.227
, al., cf. Th.4.26; of rivers, ὕ. Αἰσήποιο, Στυγός, Il.2.825, 8.369, al.; so in Lyr. and Trag.,ὕ, Ἀσώπιον Pi.N. 3.3
;ὕ. τὸ Νείλου A.Supp. 561
(lyr.): freq. in pl. (but only once in Hom., ὕδατ'ἀενάοντα Od.13.109
), Καφίσια ὕδατα the waters of Cephisus, Pi.O.14.1;ῥυτῶν ὑδάτων S.OC 1599
;ὕδασιν τοίς Ἀχελῴου Id.Fr. 271
(anap.): spring-water, drinking-water,οἶνον ἔμισγον καὶ ὕ. Od.1.110
;ἀφυσσάμεθ' ὕδωρ 9.85
;ὕδατα καὶ.. δῖτοι Pl.R. 404a
;πότιμον ὕ. X.HG3.2.19
; ὕ. πίνων a water-drinker, D.6.30, cf. 19.46, Ar.Eq. 349;ὕ. δὲ πίνων οὐδὲν ἂν τέκοι σοφόν Cratin.199
, cf. Aristopho 10.3, Bato 2.9, al.: ὕδωρ κατὰ χειρός water for washing the hands, v. χείρ; φέρτε χερσὶν ὕ. Il.9.171;ὕ. ἐπὶ χεῖρας ἔχευαν 3.270
, Od.1.146, al.;λοέσσας ὕδατι λευκῷ Il.23.282
:—on γῆν καὶ ὕδωρ αἰτεῖν and διδόναι, v. γῆ 1.2b:—a curse was invoked upon those who refused fire (i.e. the right to borrow burning embers) or water or to direct a traveller on his way, Diph.62, cf. X.Oec.2.15:—prov.,ὅρκους ἐγὼ γυναικὸς εἰς ὕ. γράφω S.Fr. 811
, cf. Men.Mon.25;ἐν ὕδατι γράφειν Pl.Phdr. 276c
; ὅταν τὸ ὕδωρ πνίγῃ, τί δεῖ ἐπιπίνειν; if water chokes, what more can be done ? of a desperate case, Arist.EN 1146a35, cf. .2 rain-water, rain,ὅτε λαβρότατον χέει ὕ. Ζεύς Il.16.385
;ὗσαι ὕδατι λαβροτάτῳ Hdt.1.87
;ἐγίνετο ὕ. ἄπλετον Id.8.12
;πολύ Th.6.70
, D.59.99;ὕ. ἐπιγενόμενον πολύ X.HG1.6.28
;τὸ ὕ. τὸ γενόμενον τῆς νυκτός Th.2.5
, cf. Hdt.8.13: more definitely,ὕδωρ ἐζ οὐρανοῦ X.An. 4.2.2
, Aristid.Or.50(26).35 (but ἐζ οὐρανοῦ is a gloss in Th.2.77): pl.,ὕ. ὄμβρια Pi.O.11(10).2
; τὰ Διὸς, orπαρὰ τοῦ Δ., ὕ. Pl.Lg. 761a
, 761b;τὸ ἐκ Διὸς ὕ. Thphr.HP2.6.5
; καινὸν ἀεὶ τὸν Δία ὕειν ὕδωρ, ὕδωρ τὸν θεὸν ποιῆσαι, Ar.Nu. 1280, V. 261 (lyr.), cf. Thphr.Char.3.4: abs.,ἐὰν πλείω ποιῇ ὕ. Id.CP1.19.3
: κεραύνια ὕ. thunder-showers, Plu.2.664f;ὕ. πολλά, συνεχέα μαλθακῶς Hp.Epid.1.1
.4 in the law-courts, τὸ ὕδωρ was the water of the water-clock ([etym.] κλεψύδρ), and hence the time it took in running out,ἂν ἐγχωρῇ τὸ ὕδωρ D.44.45
;οὐχ ἱκανόν μοι τὸὕ. Id.45.47
; ἐν τῷ ἐμῷ ὕ., ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὕ., in the time allowed me, Id.18.139, 57.61; οὐκ ἐνδέχεται πρὸς ταὐτὸ ὕ. εἰπεῖν one cannot say (all) in one speech, Id.27.12;τὸ ὕ. ἀναλῶσαι Din.2.6
;πρὸς ὕ. σμικρὸν διδάζαι Pl.Tht. 201b
;ἐν μικρῷ μέρει τοῦ παντὸς ὕ. D.29.9
; ἐπίλαβε τὸ ὕ. stop the water (which was done while the speech was interrupted by the calling of evidence and reading of documents), Id.45.8;ἐγχεῖται τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ὕ. τῷ κατηγόρῳ.., τὸ δὲ δεύτερον ὕ. τῷ φεύγοντι Aeschin.3.197
; ἀποδιδόναι, παραδιδόναι τινὶ τὸ ὕ., to give him the turn of speaking, Id.1.162, Din.1.114.5 generally, liquid,ὕδατος εἴδη τὰ τοιάδε· οἶνος, οὖρον, ὀρός Arist.Mete. 382b13
, cf. Hp.Cord.12.II part of the constellation Aquarius, Arat.399.2 a name for the winter solstice, Paul.Al.A.4.III Ὕδατα, τά, as the name of places with hot or mineral waters, Ὕ. Σέζτια, Lat. Aquae Sextiae, Ὕ. Νεαπολιτανά, etc., Ptol.Geog.2.10.8, 3.3.7, etc. [[pron. full] ῠ by nature,ὕ?ὕδωρXδωρ Il. 18.347
, al. (usu. with ὕ?ὕδωρX when not at end of line),ὕ?ὕδωρXδατος 16.229
, al.,ὕ?ὕδωρXδατι Od.12.363
, al.,ὕ?ὕδωρXδατ' 13.109
, and so always in [dialect] Att. (exc. sts. in dactylic verse, Ar.Ra. 1339); Hom. freq. has ὕ ¯ δωρ (always at end of line exc. in phraseΣτυγὸς ὕδωρ Il.15.37
), alsoὕ ¯ δατος Il. 21.300
, 312, Od.5.475,ὕ ¯ δατι Il.23.282
, Od.22.439; later [dialect] Ep. admits ὕ ¯ δωρ more freely, A.R.4.601, so that we find [pron. full] ῡ in the second half of the foot in h.Cer. 381, Batr.97, A.R.4.290, etc.; also in Alc.Supp.11.8.] (Cf. Skt. udán-, gen. udn-ás 'water', OE. woeter, O Norse vatn; I.-E. u(e)d- with suffix r alternating with n (ὕδ-ṇ- τος): cogn. with Skt. u-ná-t-ti (root ud-), [ per.] 3pl. u-n-d-ánti 'moisten', cf. Lat. unda.) -
2 Rules
Suppose that our most successful mode of explanation and description attributes to Jones an initial and attained state including certain rules (principles with parameters fixed or rules of other sorts) and explains Jones's behavior in these terms; that is, the rules form a central part of the best account of his use and understanding of language and are directly and crucially invoked in explaining it in the best theory we can devise.... I cannot see that anything is involved in attributing causal efficacy to rules beyond the claim that these rules are constituent elements of the states postulated in an explanatory theory of behavior and enter into our best account of this behavior. (Chomsky, 1986, pp. 252253)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Rules
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